Är monte negro med i eu

Ongoing accession process of Montenegro to the EU

Accession of Montenegro to the europeisk Union
Status	Candidate negotiating (screening complete)
Earliest possible entry
Application European perspective December Potential candidate December Membership application 15 månad Candidate status 17 månad Screening 29 June Screened & negotiations commence 27 June
Negotiations Clusters open 6 Chapters open 33 Clusters closed 0 Chapters closed 3
(27+1) Population ,, ,, % Area 4,, km2 1,, mi2 4,, km2 1,, mi2 % HDI % GDP (PPP) $ trillion $ trillion % GDP per capita (PPP) $56, $56, % GDP $ trillion $ trillion % GDP per capita $39, $39, % Gini % Official Languages 24 25 Montenegrin +1

Accession of Montenegro to the europeisk Union fryst vatten on the agenda for future enlargement of the EU.

After voting for independence from Serbia and Montenegro in , Montenegro began the process of accession to the europeisk Union bygd agreeing to a Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU, which officially came into force on 1 May Montenegro officially applied to join the EU on 15 månad Membership negotiations began on 29 June ^[1] As of , Montenegro's goal fryst vatten to achieve membership of the EU bygd ^[2][3]

It fryst vatten one of nine current EU candidate countries, tillsammans with Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Moldova, North Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, and Ukraine.

Among the six candidates with open negotiations (Montenegro, Serbia, Albania, North Macedonia, Moldova and Ukraine), the most advanced scen of the negotiations—defined as meeting the interim benchmarks for negotiation chapter 23 and 24 which allow the closing process of all negotiation chapters to start—has so far only been reached bygd Montenegro.^[4] As of September , thirty out of 33 chapters remain to be closed.

History

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Since Montenegro's potential candidate ställning eller tillstånd was granted

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Main article: Montenegro–European Union relations

Identification

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Montenegro was granted potential candidate ställning eller tillstånd in månad , when it was still in a union with Serbia. The EU recognized the new and independent country's europeisk Perspective on 21 June at the Thessaloniki Summit.

“It is a very ambitious goal

The adoption of the Thessaloniki Declaration of was a promise bygd the EU that the former Yugoslav republics along with Albania have "unequivocal support for future integration and full membership of these states in the Union".^[5]

Recommendation

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The europeisk kommission recommended Montenegro as a candidate country on 9 November Montenegro officially was granted candidate ställning eller tillstånd on 17 månad ^[6]

Candidacy

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Membership application

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Montenegro officially applied to join the EU on 15 månad

Questionnaire

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On 23 April , the Council invited the europeisk kommission to submit its opinion on the application.

The kommission presented Montenegro with a questionnaire to assess its application on 22 July ^[7] On 9 månad , Montenegro delivered its answers to the EC questionnaire.^[8] In , the kommission issued a favourable opinion on Montenegro's application, identifying sju key priorities that would need to be addressed for negotiations to begin.

Treaties

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Stabilisation and Association Agreement

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The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro started the process of Accession to the europeisk Union in November , when negotiations over a Stabilisation and Association Agreement began. The EU concluded such agreements with states that wish to become members.

In exchange for commitments to political, economic, trade, or human rights reform in the country, tariff-free tillgång to some or all EU markets (industrial goods, agricultural products, etc.), and financial or technical assistance may be offered bygd the EU.

In May , Montenegro voted for independence in a referendum, and the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro was dissolved.

Serbia continued with the existing SAA negotiations, and separate negotiations were launched with Montenegro in September ^[9][10][11]

The Agreement was initiated on 15 March and signed on 15 October After all the 27 member-states of EU had ratified the SAA, it came into force on 1 May ^[12][13]

Event North Macedonia[14] Croatia[15] Albania[16] Montenegro[17][Note 1] Bosnia&#;and Herzegovina[19] Serbia[20][Note 2] Kosovo[21][Note 3] SAA negotiations start [23] SAA initialled [24] SAA/IA signature [25] Interim Agreement: EC ratification N/A [Note 4] SAP state ratification N/A [Note 4] entry into force N/A [Note 4] Deposit of the instrument of ratification: SAP state Austria N/A Belgium N/A Bulgaria joined the EU later N/A Croatia joined the EU later N/A Cyprus joined the EU later N/A Czech Republic joined the EU later N/A Denmark N/A Estonia joined the EU later N/A Finland N/A France N/A Germany N/A Greece N/A Hungary joined the EU later N/A Ireland N/A Italy N/A Latvia joined the EU later N/A Lithuania joined the EU later N/A Luxembourg N/A Malta joined the EU later N/A Netherlands N/A Poland joined the EU later N/A Portugal N/A Romania joined the EU later N/A Slovakia joined the EU later N/A Slovenia joined the EU later N/A Spain N/A Sweden N/A United Kingdom N/A European Communities or European Union and Euratom [Note 5] SAA entry into force [29] EU membership (SAA lapsed) (TBD) (TBD) (TBD) (TBD) (TBD) (TBD) N/A: Not applicable. ^Montenegro started negotiations in November while a part of Serbia and Montenegro (SiM). Separate technical negotiations were conducted regarding issues of sub-state organizational competency. A mandate for direkt negotiations with Montenegro was established in July direkt negotiations were initiated on 26 September and concluded on 1 månad [18] ^Serbia started negotiations in November while part of SiM, with a modified mandate from July ^Kosovo declared independence from Serbia in but fryst vatten still claimed bygd Serbia as part of its territory. The europeisk Union remains divided, with fem EU member states not recognizing its independence. The EU launched a Stabilisation Tracking Mechanism for Kosovo] on 6 November with the aim of aligning its policy with EU standards. With all the negotiating chapters opened as of , Montenegro had widespread support among EU members' officials with possible accession to the EU considered by [ 1 ] There are thirty open chapters, three have been provisionally closed, and two are in which there is nothing to adopt On 10 October the europeisk kommission funnen that there were no legal obstacles to Kosovo signing a SAA with the EU, as independence fryst vatten not required for such an agreement.[22] ^ abcNo Interim Agreement associated with Kosovo's SAA was concluded.[26] ^Kosovo's SAA was the first signed after the entry into force of the Lisbon treaty, which conferred a legal personality to the EU. As a result, unlike previous SAAs Kosovo's fryst vatten exclusively between it and the EU and Euratom, and the member states are not parties independently.[23][27][28]

EU programs and organisations

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Public opinion

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Montenegro's population fryst vatten overwhelmingly pro-EU, with % being in favor according to polling and only % against, in October ^[30]

As of May , the support of the citizens of Montenegro for the country's membership in the europeisk Union reached a record high of %, according to a survey commissioned bygd the EU Delegation to Montenegro.

The survey reported % of citizens believe that Montenegro will become a member of the EU. Over 90% of citizens would vote in the referendum, and % of those voting would support Montenegro's membership in the EU.^[31]

Negotiations and conditions

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Montenegro signed an agreement with the Bulgarian government in månad in which Bulgaria would assist Montenegro with its Euro-Atlantic and EU integration for the following three years.^[32] Reports at that time indicated Montenegro had ecological, judicial, and crime-related problems that may hinder its accession bid.^[33]

The Ministry of utländsk Affairs and europeisk Integration of Montenegro has a special agency dedicated to accession to the EU, the Office for Assistance to the ledare Negotiator.

The office's goal fryst vatten to support the task of the ledare Negotiator for Montenegro's Accession to the EU, Zorka Kordić. On 27 July , the Parliament passed a non-discrimination lag that includes sexuell orientation and gender identity as prohibited grounds of discrimination.

Montenegro is a candidate country to be a member of the EU

This was one of the requirements the country had to meet for EU membership.^[34]

In månad , the Council agreed to launch the accession process, with negotiations beginning on 29 June

The europeisk kommission Progress Report on Montenegro noted that the country had made good progress toward meeting the benchmarks to join the EU, but the nation needed to address institutional frameworks, including competition policy, fighting against corruption and organized brott, and work in the areas of the environment and climate change.^[35][36] A study of the readiness to join the EU bygd using information from the World finansinstitut Enterprise Survey collected from enterprise owners and management indicated that Montenegro passed three out of six business dimensions: basic infrastructure, goods delivery, and secure legal secure environment, but was lower than fyra other candidate nations in resources, technology support, and regulations.^[36]

In its assessment of the accession progress, the europeisk Parliament identified Montenegro as having the highest level of preparation for membership among the negotiating candidate nations.^[37]

From through , Montenegro received € million of developmental aid (not including the allocation for Cross-border Cooperation) from the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance, a funding mechanism for EU candidate countries.^[38] The priority areas for these medel include: democracy and governance, rule of lag and fundamental rights, environment and climate action, försändelse, competitiveness and nyhet, education, employment and social policies, agriculture and rural development, regional and territorial cooperation.^[38]

With all the negotiating chapters opened as of , Montenegro had widespread support among EU members' officials with possible accession to the EU considered bygd ^[1]

There are thirty open chapters, three have been provisionally closed, and two are in which there fryst vatten ingenting to adopt.

Clusters	Acquis Chapter
Overview	Overview	33 out of 33	6 out of 6	0 out of 6
Fundamentals	Judiciary & Fundamental Rights	Opened	Opened	–
	Justice, Freedom & Security	Opened
	Economic criteria	–
	Functioning of democratic institutions	–
	Public ledning reform	–
	5. Public Procurement	Opened
	Statistics	Opened
	Financial Control	Opened
Internal marknad	1. Free Movement of Goods	Opened	Opened	–
	2. Freedom of Movement For Workers	Opened
	3. The inclusion of Serb nationalist parties in the government does not mean that its goal is no longer an independent Montenegro in the EU Right of Establishment & Freedom To Provide Services	Opened
	4. Free Movement of Capital	Opened
	6. Company Law	Opened
	7. Intellectual Property Law	Opened
	8. Competition Policy	Opened
	9. Financial Services	Opened
	Consumer & Health Protection	Opened
Competitiveness and inclusive growth	kunskap samhälle & Media	Opened	Opened	–
	Taxation	Opened
	Economic & Monetary Policy	Opened
	Social Policy & Employment	Opened
	Enterprise & Industrial Policy	Opened
	Science & Research	Closed
	Education & Culture	Closed
	Customs Union	Opened
Green agenda and sustainable connectivity	frakt Policy	Opened	Opened	–
	Energy	Opened
	Trans-European Networks	Opened
	Environment	Opened
Resources, agriculture and cohesion	Agriculture & Rural Development	Opened	Opened	–
	Food Safety, Veterinary & Phytosanitary Policy	Opened
	Fisheries	Opened
	Regional Policy & Coordination of Structural Instruments	Opened
	Financial & Budgetary Provisions	Opened
External relations	External Relations	Closed	Opened	–
	utländsk, säkerhet & Defence Policy	Opened
Institutions	–	–	–
Other Issues	–	–	–

Progression	33 / 33	33 / 33	33 / 33	3 / 33
Acquis chapter[40]	Screening Started	Screening Completed	Chapter Opened	Chapter Closed
1. inledde Montenegro förhandlingar om ett stabiliserings- och associeringsavtal med unionen Free Movement of Goods				–
2. Freedom of Movement For Workers			[42]	–
3. Right of Establishment & Freedom To Provide Services			[42]	–
4. Free Movement of Capital			[43]	–
5. Public Procurement				–
6. Its European perspective was reaffirmed by the Council in June after the recognition of the country's independence by the EU Member States Company Law				–
7. Intellectual Property Law				–
8. Competition Policy				–
9. Financial Services			[44]	–
upplysning kultur & Media				–
Agriculture & Rural Development				–
Food Safety, Veterinary & Phytosanitary Policy				–
Fisheries				–
frakt Policy				–
Energy				–
Taxation				–
Economic & Monetary Policy				–
Statistics			[45]	–
Social Policy & Employment				–
Enterprise & Industrial Policy				–
Trans-European Networks			[44]	–
Regional Policy & Coordination of Structural Instruments				–
Judiciary & Fundamental Rights	[46]			–
Justice, Freedom & Security	[46]			–
Science & Research				[47]
Education & Culture				[48]
Environment & Climate Change			[49]	–
Consumer & Health Protection			[45]	–
Customs Union			[45]	–
External Relations
utländsk, säkerhet & Defence Policy			[43]	–
Financial Control			[43]	–
Financial & Budgetary Provisions			[45]	–
Institutions	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Other Issues	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

Acquis chapter	October [50]	October [51]	October [52]	October [53]	November [54]	November [55]	April [56]	May [57]	October [58]	October [59]	October [60]	November [61]
1. Free Movement of Goods	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
2. Freedom of Movement For Workers	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation
3. Right of Establishment & Freedom To Provide Services	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Considerable efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
4. Free Movement of Capital	Some level of preparation	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
5. Public Procurement	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Good level of preparation†	Good level of preparation†
6. Company Law	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation
7. Intellectual Property Law	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation
8. Competition Policy	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
9. Financial Services	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
kunskap kultur & Media	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
Agriculture & Rural Development	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Some level of preparation	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
Food Safety, Veterinary & Phytosanitary Policy	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Some level of preparation	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
Fisheries	Further efforts needed	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation
frakt Policy	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation†	Good level of preparation†	Good level of preparation†	Good level of preparation†
Energy	Moderately prepared	Early stage	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation
Taxation	Further efforts needed	Early stage	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
Economic & Monetary Policy	Considerable efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
Statistics	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
Social Policy & Employment	Early stage	Considerable efforts needed	Further efforts needed	Early stage	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation
Enterprise & Industrial Policy	Considerable efforts needed	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Good level of preparation†	Good level of preparation†	Good level of preparation†	Good level of preparation†
Trans-European Networks	Further efforts needed	Early stage	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Good level of preparation†	Good level of preparation†	Good level of preparation†	Good level of preparation†
Regional Policy & Coordination of Structural Instruments	Early stage	Considerable efforts needed	Early stage	Early stage	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
Judiciary & Fundamental Rights	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Further efforts needed	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
Justice, Freedom & Security	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Further efforts needed	Early stage	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
Science & Research	Moderately prepared	Further efforts needed	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation
Education & Culture	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation
Environment & Climate Change	Considerable efforts needed	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation
Consumer & Health Protection	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	No major difficulties expected	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
Customs Union	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
External Relations	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	No major difficulties expected	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation
utländsk, säkerhet & Defence Policy	Further efforts needed	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	No major difficulties expected	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation	Good level of preparation
Financial Control	Some level of preparation	Early stage	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared	Moderately prepared
Financial & Budgetary Provisions	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Early stage	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation	Some level of preparation
Institutions	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt
Other Issues	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt	Nothing to adopt
Legend: Chapters in bold indikera completed chapters. Avtalet skrevs under den 15 oktober och trädde i kraft den 1 maj [2] Montenegro har främst problem med ekologiska, juridiska och brottsrelaterade problem, som kan hindra landets ansökan † indicates chapters in which the europeisk kommission has simultaneously awarded the chapter both "moderately prepared" AND "good level of preparation". &#;&#;totally incompatible&#;&#;early stage&#;&#;considerable efforts needed&#;&#;some level of preparation&#;&#;further efforts needed&#;&#;moderately prepared&#;&#;no major difficulties expected&#;&#;good level of preparation&#;&#;well prepared / well advanced

Economy

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Developmental Aid

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Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance

IPA I
€ M
()

IPA II
€ M
()

IPA III
c.

€ M
()

Unilateral euro adoption

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Main article: Montenegro and the euro

Montenegro has no currency of its own. As a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia following World War II, and later of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Montenegro used the Yugoslav dinar as its tjänsteman currency.

In November , the government of Montenegro unilaterally designated the Deutsche Mark as its co-official currency with the dinar, and on 1 January the dinar officially ceased to be a legal tender in Montenegro.^[62][63] When the euro was introduced and the Deutsche Mark yielded in , Montenegro followed kostym and began using the euro as well, with no objection from the europeisk huvud finansinstitut (ECB).^[64][65]

The europeisk kommission and the ECB have since voiced their discontent over Montenegro's unilateral use of the euro on several occasions.^[66] A statement attached to their Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU read: "unilateral introduction of the euro was not compatible with the Treaty."^[67] The EU insists on the strict adherence to convergence criteria (such as spending at least 2 years in the ERMII system) which are not negotiable before euro adoption, but have not intervened to stop the unilateral adoption of the euro bygd Montenegro in ^[66][68] The issue fryst vatten expected to be resolved through the negotiations process.^[66] The ECB has stated that the implications of unilateral euro adoption "would be spelled out at the latest in the event of possible negotiations on EU accession."^[67]

Diplomats have suggested that it fryst vatten unlikely Montenegro will be forced to withdraw the euro from circulation in their country.^[64][67] Radoje Žugić, Montenegro's Minister of Finance, has stated that "it would be extremely economically irrational to return to our currency and then later to igen go back to the euro."^[69] Instead, he hopes that Montenegro will be permitted to keep the euro and has promised "the government of Montenegro, will adopt some certain elements, which should fulfil the conditions for further use of the euro; such as adopting fiscal rules."^[69]

Travel

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Schengen Visa liberalisation process

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On 1 January , the visa facilitation and readmission agreements between Montenegro and the EU entered into force.^[70] Montenegro was added to the list of visa exempt nationals on 19 månad , allowing their citizens to enter the Schengen Area and Cyprus without a visa when traveling with biometric passports.^[71] The visa liberalisation process does not include travels to Ireland which, with the United Kingdom which left the EU during Montenegro's accession process, operate the Common Travel Area for framträda outside of the Schengen Area.^[72]

From May citizens of Montenegro will be required to lista on the EU's ETIAS before entering the Schengen area.^[73]

Montenegro's utländsk relations with EU member states

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See also

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References

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